CONFUSIONS AND CONVICTIONS IN THE PLACEMENT OF ACETABULAR CUP IN THA: A BREIF ANALYSIS OF THE PAST,PRESENT AND FUTURE

Acetabular Cup Placement in THA: Evolving Perspectives

Abstract

PURPOSE:Total hip arthroplasty is a highly successful surgery done worldwide in case of irreversible joint destruction of the hip due to various causes such as arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, post traumatic), septic sequelae and dysplasia to alleviate pain and regain motion. The success depends on the precise placement of the implants especially the acetabular cup, which is technically demanding with a higher margin of error. Incorrect cup placement may decrease range of motion, psoas and bone impingement, edge loading, accelerated component wear, leg length discrepancies, and increased risk of dislocation and may result in early prosthesis failure and subsequent revision. Historically, many landmarks. methods and concepts were followed to orient the cup in the desired position both in coronal and sagittal planes with the help of universally accepted parameters like inclination, anteversion, horizontal offset, vertical offset and acetabular offset, yet it is still ambiguous as the intraoperative positioning is practically challenging. Thus, with the advent of newer technologies and evolution of concepts, this review sums up the path in its entirety by consolidating the works of quality literature.